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目的:探讨飞行员腰椎峡部裂的发生原因和发病机制。方法:招飞学员中30例腰椎峡部裂患者(研究组)采用CR、DR机行立位拍摄腰椎正、侧位及双斜位X线片,其中9例并行腰椎CT扫描。分析合并腰骶部隐裂发生率,并与对照组进行比较;分析L5峡部及椎板结构特点,并与L4进行对照。结果:(1)研究组腰骶部隐裂发生率为56.67%(17/30),与对照组26.00%(26/100)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)X线斜位片示L5峡部裂隙形态呈多样性如线型、尖角型、缺损型、星型。(3)L5峡部及裂隙两端骨质发育细小、变尖甚至呈缺损改变。(4)CT检查二、三维重建可清晰显示峡部裂断端立体形态和骨质结构。结论:本组腰椎峡部裂的发病原因为先天性发育异常所致。
Objective: To investigate the causes and pathogenesis of lumbar spondyloschisis in pilots. Methods: Thirty patients with lumbar spondyloschisis (study group) were recruited by CR and DR to take orthopedic position, lateral position and double oblique X-ray film. Among them, 9 patients underwent lumbar CT scan. The incidence of lumbosacral cryptorchidism was analyzed and compared with the control group. The structural features of L5 isthmus and lamina were analyzed and compared with L4. Results: (1) The incidence of lumbosacral fissure in the study group was 56.67% (17/30), which was significantly different from that in the control group (26.00%, 26/100) (P <0.05). (2) X-ray oblique film showed L5 isthmus fragmentation of various shapes such as linear, sharp-pointed, defect type, star. (3) L5 isthmus and fissure bone formation at both ends of small, sharp or even defect changes. (4) CT examination Second, the three-dimensional reconstruction can clearly show isthmic rupture three-dimensional shape and bone structure. Conclusion: The incidence of lumbar spondylolysis in this group is caused by congenital dysplasia.