考察秦汉民间礼俗,自然无法回避“拘者”“牵于禁忌,泥于小数”~①的文化风习,其中有与生育相涉者。生育是重要的社会问题。行政机构和宗法组织均对于生育予以重视,~②医学与巫术也都积极介入生育程序。关于生育的禁忌及相关现象不仅影响家庭生活、宗族关系和社会人口构成,亦涉及当时儿童的出生权利与初生境遇,也是研究秦汉时期未成年人生活应当关注的内容。 Investigate the folk custom of Qin and Han Dynasties, naturally can not be avoided “detained ” “taboo in the taboo, mud in the decimal ” ~ ① cultural practices, including those related to fertility. Childbirth is an important social issue. Administrative agencies and patriarchal organizations all attach importance to childbearing, and ② medicine and witchcraft also actively intervene in the reproductive procedures. The taboos on procreation and related phenomena not only affect the family life, clan relations and social demography, but also the birth rights and newborns’ situations of the children at that time. They are also the content that should be paid attention to in the life of minors during the Qin and Han dynasties.