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维翰:接到你的来信,知道你特别对于化学发生兴趣,并且在这次实验制造氧气的时候,发现了很多的问题。把你提出的问题整理了一下,不外乎是“什么是触媒?”“触媒作用有那些形式?”“为什么它能影响化学反应的速率?”我现在根据这些问题,简单地答覆如下:1.在制造氧气的时候,二氧化锰起啥作用?我们在实验室中用氯酸钾制造氧的时候,常常在其中放入一些二氧化锰:实在说来,不加二氧化锰,只把氯酸钾单独拿来放在试管中加热,也会发生氧的,只不过发生的速率不如有二氧化锰来的那么快。有二氧化锰的时候,反应甚快,但是在反应前后,二氧化锰的成份始终不会改变,因而二氧化锰的作用,仅仅在于加速氯酸钾的分解。
Wyhan: After receiving your letter, you know that you are particularly interested in chemistry, and discovered a lot of problems in the oxygen production of this experiment. To sort out the questions you asked, nothing more than “What is a catalyst?” “What kind of catalysts are there?” “Why does it affect the rate of chemical reactions?” I now simply answer these questions as follows: 1 In the production of oxygen, manganese dioxide plays a role in the role of? When we use the production of oxygen in the laboratory with potassium chlorate, often put some manganese dioxide in it: In fact, do not add manganese dioxide, only potassium chlorate alone When used in a test tube to heat, oxygen can also occur, but the rate of occurrence is not as fast as that of manganese dioxide. When manganese dioxide is present, the reaction is very fast, but the composition of manganese dioxide does not change before and after the reaction. Therefore, the role of manganese dioxide is only to accelerate the decomposition of potassium chlorate.