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使用K110型电子束焊机对P91耐热钢和316L不锈钢管进行异种钢材焊接,并对其焊接接头的组织、硬度及力学性能进行分析。结果表明,使用电子束焊接能够一次性焊透P91耐热钢和316L不锈钢,得到成形良好的焊接接头。焊缝处无裂纹等焊接缺陷,焊缝处各元素在焊缝水平方向分布均匀。在靠近两侧母材的焊缝区,Cr、Fe、Ni元素有一定的梯度,但无明显偏析。焊接接头两边的母材区硬度值较低,在焊缝区域硬度达到最大,约为489 HV,焊缝区域的硬度波动范围在400~489 HV之间。最终拉伸试样都断在316L母材上,得到的平均拉伸强度为406 MPa,最大的抗拉强度为542 MPa。
The dissimilar steel was welded on P91 heat-resisting steel and 316L stainless steel pipe by K110 electron beam welding machine, and the microstructure, hardness and mechanical properties of welded joints were analyzed. The results show that the use of electron beam welding can be a one-time penetration P91 heat-resistant steel and 316L stainless steel, get well-formed welded joints. Weld no cracks and other welding defects, the weld of the elements in the horizontal distribution of the weld evenly. In the weld zone close to both sides of the base metal, Cr, Fe, Ni elements have a certain gradient, but no obvious segregation. The hardness of the base material on both sides of the welded joint is relatively low, reaching the maximum hardness in the weld zone of about 489 HV and the hardness of the weld zone fluctuating in the range of 400 to 489 HV. The final tensile specimens were broken on the 316L base material, the average tensile strength of 406 MPa, the maximum tensile strength of 542 MPa.