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伴随着因矿业开采而欣欣向荣的GDP增长而至的是“三个和尚没水喝”的公地悲剧。采矿权本应是一系列行为和财产的集合性权利,却被《物权法》第123条纳入用益物权之中。这种将矿地使用权能,矿产资源开采权能以及矿产所有权能在立法的过程中合而为一的做法,是采矿权的不可承受之重,也使采矿权自产生之初即带有负外部性,在此笔者提出采矿权复合权利群的概念,旨在在法律层面上,理清采矿权权利结构,是防止“公地悲剧”的治标之法。
The tragedy of the commons with the thriving GDP growth resulting from mining is “tragedy of the three monks without water”. Mining rights should have been a series of acts and property of the collective rights, but was “Property Law” Article 123 into usufruct. This practice of combining the right to use mineral resources, the right to exploit mineral resources and the ownership of mineral resources in the process of legislation is an unacceptable weight of mining rights and also leads to a negative In this paper, the author proposes the concept of complex right group of mining rights, which aims to clarify the structure of right of mining rights at the legal level and is the key to preventing the tragedy of the commons.