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光耦合器是以光源作输入端,以受光器件作输出端,以光为媒介实现输入与输出之间信号传输的器件。在输入与输出之间可以完全实现电气隔离。因此,(1)具有隔离器的功能,输入电路与输出电路的接地可以自由选择,(2)具有噪声抑制器的功能等主要特征。特别是用发光二极管作光源,用光电晶体管作受光器件组成的光耦合器,电流传输比(CTR)高,响应速度能满足通常用途的要求,所以现在需要量增加最多。在美国,光耦合器的需要量最近一两年来成倍增加,予料今后仍将急剧增加。本文首先论述用发光二极管与光电晶体管组合的光耦合器的结构、特征和一般用途,然后介绍几个将光耦合器用于实际设备中的实例。
Optocoupler is the light source for the input, the light-emitting device for the output, light as a medium to achieve the input and output signal transmission between the devices. Complete electrical isolation between inputs and outputs. Therefore, (1) has the function of an isolator, the ground of the input circuit and the output circuit can be freely selected, and (2) the main characteristics such as the function of a noise suppressor are provided. In particular, a light-emitting diode (LED) is used as a light source and a phototransistor is used as a photo-coupler composed of a light-receiving device. The current transfer ratio (CTR) is high and the response speed can meet the requirements of normal use. In the United States, the demand for optocouplers has doubled in the last couple of years and the expected future will continue to increase dramatically. This paper first discusses the structure, characteristics, and general purpose of optocouplers using light-emitting diodes in combination with phototransistors, and then introduces several examples of using optocouplers in actual equipment.