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以吉林省公主岭长期定位试验站为基础,研究不同施肥模式对黑土表层(0~20 cm)及亚表层(20~40 cm)土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷的影响。结果表明有机无机肥配施可以提高土壤中有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷的含量,尤其以增量有机无机配施处理[1.5(NPKM)],土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾含量变化最为显著,而常量有机无机配施兼轮作模式[NPKM(2)]土壤碱解氮含量最高。休闲处理土壤中养分含量基本保持试验前的水平。秸秆配施无机肥(SNPK),对土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷含量影响不是很明显。总之,从长期来看,合理的施肥尤以有机无机肥相结合会维持土壤性质和生产能力,更有利于农业可持续发展。
Based on the Gongzhuling long-term experiment station in Jilin Province, the effects of different fertilization modes on soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus in the surface layer (0 ~ 20 cm) and subsurface (20 ~ 40 cm) The results showed that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers could increase the contents of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus, especially in the organic-inorganic combination treatments [1.5 (NPKM)], soil organic matter, available phosphorus, The most significant changes were observed, while the organic-inorganic combination and rotation mode [NPKM (2)] had the highest content of soil available nitrogen. The nutrient content of the soil in the leisure treatment basically kept the level before the test. Straw combined with inorganic fertilizer (SNPK), the impact of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus content is not obvious. In short, in the long run, rational fertilization, especially organic and inorganic fertilizers, in combination with maintaining soil properties and production capacity, is more conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture.