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牛磺酸是分子量为125的具有简单化学结构的含硫氨基酸,以游离形式大量存在于几乎所有的脏器内。但其生理作用大多不明。近年,牛磺酸对中枢神经、视网膜、心肌等的作用受到重视。人乳中的牛磺酸是含有多量谷氨酰胺的重要游离型氨基酸,牛乳中含量极少。已经证明合成牛磺酸的半胱亚磺酸脱羧酶活性,在成人本来就低,胎儿和新生儿更低。不但低出生体重儿,就是正常新生儿也必须从人乳中摄取一定量的牛磺酸。
Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid with a simple chemical structure with a molecular weight of 125, which is present in free form in almost all organs. But most of its physiological role is unknown. In recent years, taurine on the central nervous system, the role of the retina, myocardium, etc. attention. Taurine in human milk is an important free amino acid containing a large amount of glutamine, which is present in very low levels in milk. It has been demonstrated that the taurine-producing cystein sulfonate decarboxylase activity is inherently lower in adults and lower in fetuses and newborns. Not only low birth weight children, that is, normal newborns must also intake of human milk from a certain amount of taurine.