甲状腺激素受体(thyroid hormone receptors,TRs)是一种配体依赖性转录因子,由TRα和TRβ基因编码。在哺乳动物中已发现多个不同的TR亚型,分别由TRα和TRβ基因由于转录起始位点的不同或选择性剪接而产生的若干同工体。近年来被越来越多的研究证实TRs除参与调控机体正常的发育和代谢平衡外,还具有对肿瘤发生的调节作用,尤其是TRβ亚型在肿瘤的发生、发展及转移等过程中发挥重要的生物学作用,表现出了明显的肿瘤抑制功能。在多种肿瘤组织中可检测到TRβ表达的降低甚至缺失。TRβ参与调控细胞内多个信号转导通路,与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。对TRβ参与的细胞内调控机制的研究有助于在分子水平上对肿瘤的发生发展作更深入的了解,以发掘新的肿瘤治疗靶点。本文主要对TRβ与肿瘤关系的研究进展进行综述。 Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that are encoded by TRα and TRβ genes. Several different TR subtypes have been found in mammals, several isoforms resulting from different or alternative splicing of the TRα and TRβ genes, respectively, due to transcriptional start sites. In recent years, more and more studies have confirmed that TRs play an important role in tumorigenesis in addition to regulating normal body development and metabolism balance. In particular, TRβ plays an important role in tumorigenesis, development and metastasis The biological role, showing a clear tumor suppressor function. Decreased or even loss of TRβ expression was detectable in various tumor tissues. TRβ is involved in the regulation of multiple signal transduction pathways in the cell, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. The study of the mechanism of intracellular regulation of TRβ contributes to a more in-depth understanding of the occurrence and development of tumors at the molecular level in order to find new targets for tumor therapy. This review summarizes the research progress of the relationship between TRβ and tumor.