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通过对2011年8月29日杭州某充装单位充装台发生的一起氧气瓶内含油脂爆炸事故的分析，阐述了油脂与高压纯氧接触发生剧烈的自燃氧化放热，使瓶内的氧气迅速升温升压，超出气瓶承压极限导致爆炸破裂。由现场同一汇流排氧气瓶的排险过程可知，氧气瓶在充装至13.5MPa时发生爆炸，按照GB 5099计算得出氧气瓶最小爆炸压力为43.8MPa，通过计算可知致使钢瓶爆炸破裂所需要的最小油脂量为79.6?95.5g。“,”“8·29”oxygen cylinder explosion caused by containing oil inside were analyzed and summarized in this paper. Violent oxidation exothermic reaction occurred when oil was exposed to pure high-pressure oxygen. The instantaneous releasing of heat produced extreme high temperature and extreme high pressure in the cylinder, which exceeded its limits and caused burst. During the risk exclusion process for the other cylinder located in the same scene, pressure gauge shows that cylinder explosion occurred while oxygen cylinder is charged to 13.5MPa. According to the GB 5099, the minimum explosion pressure of oxygen cylinder is 43.8MPa. Moreover, inverse calculation shows that minimum oil amount leading to burst of cylinder is between 79.6g to 95.5g.