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目的了解闵行区6~13岁在校学生血红蛋白水平变化特征,为制定在校学生贫血预防措施和策略提供依据。方法 2013—2014年连续2 a对闵行区6~13岁所有在校学生共71 743名进行血红蛋白测定,其中男生38 469名,女生33 274名。应用SPSS 18.0统计软件完成所有资料分析。结果男生2次血红蛋白均值分别为(132.4±11.3)(132.6±12.2)g/L,女生2次血红蛋白均值分别为(131.6±11.0)(131.4±11.8)g/L,男生2次血红蛋白均值均高于女生(P值均<0.01)。贫血现患率为5.0%,发病率为5.8%,现患贫血中1 a后81.3%恢复正常,人群持续贫血率为0.9%。女生贫血患病率高于男生(P<0.01);女生贫血发病风险是男生的1.20倍;持续贫血风险男女生整体差异无统计学意义。男生贫血患病率和发病风险均随着年龄增加而下降,6岁组是发病及持续性贫血风险最高的年龄组;女生6岁组,12岁组是贫血患病风险、发病风险及持续性贫血风险最高的年龄组。现患贫血中轻度占81.1%,中度占18.8%,重度占0.1%;16.9%轻度贫血转化为持续贫血,26.6%中重度贫血转化为持续贫血;新发贫血中79.3%为轻度,20.6%为中度,0.1%为重度。男、女生轻度与中重度贫血中持续贫血率总体差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论对中小学生开展连续性血红蛋白监测,并针对不同年龄开展健康教育,同时需重点关注持续性贫血学生并进行干预。
Objective To understand the characteristics of hemoglobin levels of school-age children aged 6 ~ 13 in Minhang District, and to provide basis for the prevention measures and strategies of anemia in school students. Methods A total of 71 743 students from 6 to 13 years old in Minhang District were tested for hemoglobin during 2013-2014 for 2 consecutive years, including 38 469 boys and 33 274 girls. Apply SPSS 18.0 statistical software to complete all data analysis. Results The mean of secondary hemoglobin in boys was (132.4 ± 11.3) (132.6 ± 12.2) g / L, while the average of secondary hemoglobin in girls was (131.6 ± 11.0) (131.4 ± 11.8) g / L, For girls (P <0.01). The prevalence of anemia was 5.0%, the incidence rate was 5.8%, anemia in patients with anemia after 81.3% returned to normal, the population continued to anemia was 0.9%. The prevalence of anemia in girls was higher than that in boys (P <0.01). The incidence of anemia in girls was 1.20 times higher than that in boys. There was no significant difference in the overall risk of persistent anemia between boys and girls. The prevalence and risk of anemia in boys decreased with the increase of age, and the incidence of anemia and risk of persistent anemia were the highest in 6-year-old group. The prevalence of anemia, the risk and persistence of anemia in girls aged 6 and 12 years The age group with the highest risk of anemia. The prevalence of anemia in mild cases accounted for 81.1%, 18.8% moderate, severe accounted for 0.1%; 16.9% of mild anemia converted to persistent anemia, 26.6% moderate to severe anemia into persistent anemia; 79.3% of new anemia was mild , 20.6% was moderate, and 0.1% was severe. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of persistent anemia between Mild and Moderate and Severe anemia in both men and women (P> 0.05). Conclusions Continuous hemoglobin monitoring is conducted for primary and secondary school students and health education is conducted for different ages. At the same time, it is necessary to focus on persistent anemia students and intervene.