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目的分析衢州市2001—2014年甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)的流行特征,为甲肝防控工作提供依据。方法收集衢州市2001—2014年甲肝疫情资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 14年间,衢州市甲肝发病率在0.52/10万~6.99/10万之间,甲肝疫苗纳入免疫规划前后的平均发病率分别为4.81/10万和1.08/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。甲肝疫苗纳入免疫规划后,甲肝疫苗平均接种率从85.78%上升至98.25%,与发病率呈负相关(r=-0.796,P<0.01);发病季节分布不明显,15岁以下年龄组发病构成比下降至2.99%(P<0.01)。结论甲肝疫苗纳入扩大免疫规划后,衢州市甲肝发病率逐年下降,发病年龄后移,季节分布不明显,加强以疫苗接种为主的综合防控措施能有效降低甲肝发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A (A) from 2001 to 2014 in Quzhou City, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis A. Methods The data of hepatitis A in Quzhou from 2001 to 2014 were collected for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results The incidence of hepatitis A in Quzhou was between 0.52 / 100000 and 6.99 / 100000 within 14 years. The average incidence of hepatitis A vaccine before and after the immunization schedule was 4.81 / lakh and 1.08 / lakh respectively, with statistical significance ( P <0.01). After the hepatitis A vaccine was included in the immunization program, the average inoculation rate of hepatitis A vaccine increased from 85.78% to 98.25%, which was negatively correlated with the incidence (r = -0.796, P <0.01); the season of onset was not obvious and the incidence of hepatitis A vaccine Down to 2.99% (P <0.01). Conclusions After the hepatitis A vaccine is enrolled in the expanded immunization program, the incidence of hepatitis A in Quzhou City is declining year by year with the age of onset being shifted and the seasonal distribution is not obvious. Strengthening the comprehensive prevention and control measures based on vaccination can effectively reduce the incidence of hepatitis A.