我国和国际学术界对中国语言的分类和语言数量的统计存在很大的差异,原因在于所运用的语言识别和方言划分标准的不同。本文介绍和分析了语言识别所使用的历时语言学、共时语言学、语言沟通度和语言群体认同等方法,并指出这些方法在我国民族语言识别和群体认同操作中的适用性和存在的问题 There are great differences in the classification of Chinese language and the number of languages ​​in China and international academic circles because of differences in the standards of language recognition and dialect division used. This paper introduces and analyzes the methods of diachronic linguistics, synchronic linguistics, language communication and language group identity used in language recognition, and points out the applicability and existing problems of these methods in our national language identification and group identification operations