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在发达国家,C 群脑膜炎球菌病的流行病学特点是不可预见的暴发和病例的双峰分布,1岁以下幼儿发病率最高,其次是十几岁少年。C 群脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗能诱导幼婴产生 T 细胞依赖性免疫应答、保护性抗体和记忆应答。免疫原性和效力研究显示免疫力随时间而下降,1岁前接种提供的保护作用似较短。全球实施了多种不同的控制策略,现有的免疫接种程序并非最佳。在大多数流行病学方案中,1岁左右接种第1剂、12岁左右接种第2剂的免疫程序似是最具成本-效益的选择。
In developed countries, the epidemiological characteristics of group C meningococcal disease are unforeseeable outbreaks and bimodal distribution of cases, with the highest incidence of young children under one year of age, followed by teenagers. Group C meningococcal conjugate vaccine can induce infant T-cell-dependent immune response, protective antibodies and memory response. Studies of immunogenicity and potency have shown that immunity decreases over time, with protection provided shortly before 1 year of age. There are a number of different control strategies implemented globally, and the current immunization program is not optimal. In most epidemiological programs, immunization of the first dose of about 1 year old and the second dose of about 12 years of age appears to be the most cost-effective option.