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我们频频听说人文学科的危机,目前所经历的人文学科危机是资本主义制度的经济逻辑所致,在资本主义制度中,一切都是根据社会和经济效用来评价的。其更深层的原因在于现当代人文学科丧失了其育人理想,也即为了生活得更好而陶冶心灵的理想。哲学面临了同样的危机,其原因在于哲学变成了一门科学或为其他科学提供基础的科学,而且不再去询问和反思生活的意义。另一方面的原因是把哲学变成了单纯的写作。作者援引康德的思想来为处在科学与写作之间的哲学指明出路。哲学至少具有三个必要条件:人的思维能力(论证与反证)、对现有文本施展这种能力,以及广泛的具体生活。哲学不仅仅是一门科学、一门学说,也不仅仅是一种启迪话语,更是而且主要是一种控制情感、净化心灵以及反思生活意义的生活方式。
We have heard many times about the crisis of the humanities. The crisis of the humanities now under way is caused by the economic logic of the capitalist system. Everything in the capitalist system is assessed on the basis of social and economic utility. The deeper reason lies in the fact that the modern humanities lost its ideal of educating people, that is, ideal of cultivating the soul in order to live a better life. Philosophy faces the same crisis because philosophy becomes a science that provides the foundation for other sciences, and it no longer asks and reflects on the meaning of life. The other reason is that philosophy has become a mere writing. The author invokes Kant’s ideas to point out the philosophy that lies between science and writing. Philosophies have at least three necessary conditions: human ability to think (argument and counter-evidence), exerting this ability on existing texts, and extensive concrete life. Philosophy is not just a science, a doctrine, nor is it merely an enlightening discourse. More and more, it is mainly a lifestyle that controls emotions, purifies the mind, and reflects on the meaning of life.