The supersonic molecular beam (SMB) ablation and penetration processes in the HL-1M tokamak experiments are studied. The cluster formation and dissolution, SMB adiabatic expansion, shielding and cooling effect are all taken into account. An optimized numerical model is applied in the analysis and shown to be in good agreement with the experimental observations. The possibility of fueling large tokamak plasmas with SMB injection is explored. The supersonic molecular beam (SMB) ablation and penetration processes in the HL-1M tokamak experiments are studied. The cluster formation and dissolution, SMB adiabatic expansion, shielding and cooling effect are all taken into account. An optimized numerical model is applied in the analysis and shown to be in good agreement with the experimental observations. The possibility of fueling large tokamak plasmas with SMB injection is explored.