论文部分内容阅读
一、策略概述
读后续写通常为记叙文，而记叙文叙述的故事常常以问题的出现开始，问题得到解决而结束。因此，读后续写可以按照以下步骤进行：
首先，读原文故事情节找出故事主人公遇到的问题（Problems），包括External problems（外部问题）和Internal problems（内部问题）。其中，External problems是指主人公客观上遇到的困难，Internal problems则是指主人公内心的担忧、纠结、害怕等消极的情绪问题。然后，结合所给段首句，并针对这些问题设想解决办法（Solutions）。最后，按照办法的实施过程构思符合逻辑、衔接合理的续写情节。现以两篇模拟题为例说明如何运用PS策略构思续写情节。
二、实例分析
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Being a single parent can be extremely difficult. I recently went through a rough time while raising my four daughters on my own. Things had not been going well for me ever since we decided to take care of ourselves. My financial（经济的）situation was not great since I had four growing girls to feed on my own. As a result of that， my family car was left in bad shape. As it broke down from time to time， I only used the car when it was absolutely necessary to do so.
But one rainy night， we desperately（非常）needed groceries so the five of us went for a quick run to the store. Once we had loaded groceries to the car， it wouldn’t start no matter how I tried. I was helpless in the parking lot with my four daughters aged 9， 5， 2 and a 6-weeks old. To make matters worse， I was not able to call anyone because my phone was disconnected.
One of my girls had mistakenly left a light on， and my battery was dead. I had no family to speak to and was on my own. I must have asked more than twenty people for help during the two hours. They all ignored me. Not even a no. They just acted like I didn’t exist. My 5-year-old was melting down. My newborn screaming， my two-year-old crying she was hungry， and my oldest desperately trying to help. I was crying and felt like the worst mom ever.
When everything seemed hopeless， an elderly man， most probably in his 70s， came over and gave me a plate of chicken strips， biscuits and some water. He asked me to feed my girls and myself. He also said that he arranged for a tow（拖）truck to come get my car and his wife was on the way to fetch us back home. The tow truck came， the old man’s wife arrived to fetch us and we were finally back home.
注意：
1. 所續写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1： The next morning， the old man appeared at my front door along with a mechanic（机修工）. ______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2： After the mechanic left， I tried to find the old man. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 根據故事原文，主人公是作者本人，一位有四个女儿的单亲妈妈，她在独自养育女儿时，不仅面临经济上的压力，内心上也感到很艰难。在某个雨夜，作者和四个女儿外出购物时汽车抛锚，找不到任何人帮助，作者甚至认为自己是最糟糕的母亲。针对主人公面临的问题，结合所给段首句，设想解决办法和构思续写情节如下表所示：
A possible version：
Paragraph 1： The next morning， the old man appeared at my front door along with a mechanic. At the sight of them， I was surprised and confused. The old man explained gently， “I took the mechanic to help you fix the car（Solution to external problem）.”Considering my financial situation， I was hesitated. However， the old man ignored my hesitation and continued，“Show us your car.”I had no choice but to let them in and led them to my car in the back yard. Immediately， they buried themselves in their job（Solution to external problem）. The following hours I was busy taking care of my daughters and doing housework. Finally， I got time to bring them some coffee and found that my car had already been fixed（Solution to external problem）. Only then did I notice the old man was not there. I asked the mechanic how much I should pay him. To my surprise， he told me that I didn’t have to because the old man had paid the bill（Solution to external problem）.
Paragraph 2： After the mechanic left， I tried to find the old man. I looked for him everywhere in and around my house but in vain. Not being able to thank him face to face， I felt so regretful. Because of the old man’s selfless help（Solution to internal problem）， I could use my car at any time. My life turned out to be easier and easier from then on and I cheered up and regained the confidence of being a good mom. Whenever I got time， I would go to the grocery store， the parking lot or the places nearby to search for the old man， hoping to express my sincere gratitude to him. It was a warm and bright day when I met him in a coffee shop near the grocery store. He recognized me and smiled，“You look quite different from that day.”“It’s you that help me regain the confidence in life（Solution to internal problem）. Thank you so much！”I gave him a big hug.
三、模拟训练
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was August， the peak season for tourism. Olav Hylland， the owner of a local restaurant， was expecting as many as 500 tourists to visit and eat there. With a joyful heart， he jumped into a van， which just bought to transport cargo（货物）for his restaurant， and set off.
Leaving his home， he turned onto the main road with a tunnel（隧道）300 meter ahead. The 11.4 kilometer tunnel way to access the local scenic spot， where his restaurant was located. Two years earlier a truck caught fire inside it and the tunnel’s closure for repairs was disastrous blow to Olav’s business. The road to his restaurant was blocked and the stream o of tourists halted（停止） Although it was difficult， he managed to keep their staff on. “And today will be a perfect day，”Olav thought.
Inside the tunnel everything went normal. But when he was near the end， Olav spotted an unusual light 50 meters ahead. Then he saw something burning.
Horrified， he stopped dead in his tracks. A tour bus was on fire！At the back where the engine was， dozens of tourists were stumbling （跌跌撞撞地走）towards him， getting away from the flames.“They’re going the wrong way，”Olav thought， knowing the tunnel exit was just 50 meters ahead round a bend ahead of him. Then he realized the bus was now burning so fierce that it was impossible for them to get around it.
As a former volunteer firefighter， Olav first had to raise the alarm. Grabbing（拿，取）his cellphone， he entered the codes with shaking hands.“A bus is on fire！Close the tunnel gates！”Both gates were shut to avoid the entry of more vehicles， but the thick smoke was pouring out of the bus in his direction under the influence of the strong wind. In no time， it would black out the tunnel， choking（使窒息）and blinding anyone inside it.
There was no way the poor tourists could outrun the toxic （有毒的）fumes.
Every minute counted.
Paragraph 1： Immediately， Olav turned the van around， jumped out and opened the sliding doors to the empty cargo space.________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Paragraph 2： After a 20 minutes’desperate drive， finally there they arrived the exit of the tunnel！____________________
_____________________________________________________
讀原文找出故事主人公遇到的问题，结合所给段首句设想解决办法构思续写情节，完成下表：
A possible version：
Paragraph 1： Immediately， Olav turned the van around， jumped out and opened the sliding doors to the empty cargo space.“Come here！ Everyone！”Olav shouted at the top of his lung while waving his hands to guide the tourists to run towards his van（Solution to external problem）. Seeing the smoke spreading everywhere， the terrified tourists rushed to the van straight（Solution to external problem）. Under the influence of the strong wind， the smoke became thicker and spread increasingly. As a former volunteer firefighter， Olav knew the smoke would be extremely dangerous and he had to take the tourists out of the tunnel as quickly as possible. The situation was so urgent that Olav felt his heart was in his mouth. The moment Olav assured that no one was left， he jumped in and accelerated his van（Solution to external problem）. Paragraph 2： After a 20 minutes’desperate drive， finally there they arrived the exit of the tunnel！How breathtaking！Everyone relieved and looked back to the tunnel， which was flooding with smoke. They all thanked Olav from the bottom of their hearts. Without his help， they couldn’t have escaped successfully or even could have been choked to death by the thick smoke（Solution to external problem）. However， Olav only sat there in silence and fixed his eyes on the tunnel with knitted brows， wondering if the tunnel would be closed for repairing again and how his restaurant would pull through this time. Fortunately， firefighters arrived a moment later and the fire was put out immediately（Solution to external problem）. Soon， Olav found out his worry was unnecessary for the tunnel was repaired and reopened within a day（Solution to internal problem）. During the whole peak season， Olav drove his van transforming cargo from time to time. His restaurant ran better and better.（Solution to internal problem）
責任编辑 蒋小青
读后续写通常为记叙文，而记叙文叙述的故事常常以问题的出现开始，问题得到解决而结束。因此，读后续写可以按照以下步骤进行：
首先，读原文故事情节找出故事主人公遇到的问题（Problems），包括External problems（外部问题）和Internal problems（内部问题）。其中，External problems是指主人公客观上遇到的困难，Internal problems则是指主人公内心的担忧、纠结、害怕等消极的情绪问题。然后，结合所给段首句，并针对这些问题设想解决办法（Solutions）。最后，按照办法的实施过程构思符合逻辑、衔接合理的续写情节。现以两篇模拟题为例说明如何运用PS策略构思续写情节。
二、实例分析
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Being a single parent can be extremely difficult. I recently went through a rough time while raising my four daughters on my own. Things had not been going well for me ever since we decided to take care of ourselves. My financial（经济的）situation was not great since I had four growing girls to feed on my own. As a result of that， my family car was left in bad shape. As it broke down from time to time， I only used the car when it was absolutely necessary to do so.
But one rainy night， we desperately（非常）needed groceries so the five of us went for a quick run to the store. Once we had loaded groceries to the car， it wouldn’t start no matter how I tried. I was helpless in the parking lot with my four daughters aged 9， 5， 2 and a 6-weeks old. To make matters worse， I was not able to call anyone because my phone was disconnected.
One of my girls had mistakenly left a light on， and my battery was dead. I had no family to speak to and was on my own. I must have asked more than twenty people for help during the two hours. They all ignored me. Not even a no. They just acted like I didn’t exist. My 5-year-old was melting down. My newborn screaming， my two-year-old crying she was hungry， and my oldest desperately trying to help. I was crying and felt like the worst mom ever.
When everything seemed hopeless， an elderly man， most probably in his 70s， came over and gave me a plate of chicken strips， biscuits and some water. He asked me to feed my girls and myself. He also said that he arranged for a tow（拖）truck to come get my car and his wife was on the way to fetch us back home. The tow truck came， the old man’s wife arrived to fetch us and we were finally back home.
注意：
1. 所續写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1： The next morning， the old man appeared at my front door along with a mechanic（机修工）. ______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2： After the mechanic left， I tried to find the old man. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 根據故事原文，主人公是作者本人，一位有四个女儿的单亲妈妈，她在独自养育女儿时，不仅面临经济上的压力，内心上也感到很艰难。在某个雨夜，作者和四个女儿外出购物时汽车抛锚，找不到任何人帮助，作者甚至认为自己是最糟糕的母亲。针对主人公面临的问题，结合所给段首句，设想解决办法和构思续写情节如下表所示：
A possible version：
Paragraph 1： The next morning， the old man appeared at my front door along with a mechanic. At the sight of them， I was surprised and confused. The old man explained gently， “I took the mechanic to help you fix the car（Solution to external problem）.”Considering my financial situation， I was hesitated. However， the old man ignored my hesitation and continued，“Show us your car.”I had no choice but to let them in and led them to my car in the back yard. Immediately， they buried themselves in their job（Solution to external problem）. The following hours I was busy taking care of my daughters and doing housework. Finally， I got time to bring them some coffee and found that my car had already been fixed（Solution to external problem）. Only then did I notice the old man was not there. I asked the mechanic how much I should pay him. To my surprise， he told me that I didn’t have to because the old man had paid the bill（Solution to external problem）.
Paragraph 2： After the mechanic left， I tried to find the old man. I looked for him everywhere in and around my house but in vain. Not being able to thank him face to face， I felt so regretful. Because of the old man’s selfless help（Solution to internal problem）， I could use my car at any time. My life turned out to be easier and easier from then on and I cheered up and regained the confidence of being a good mom. Whenever I got time， I would go to the grocery store， the parking lot or the places nearby to search for the old man， hoping to express my sincere gratitude to him. It was a warm and bright day when I met him in a coffee shop near the grocery store. He recognized me and smiled，“You look quite different from that day.”“It’s you that help me regain the confidence in life（Solution to internal problem）. Thank you so much！”I gave him a big hug.
三、模拟训练
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was August， the peak season for tourism. Olav Hylland， the owner of a local restaurant， was expecting as many as 500 tourists to visit and eat there. With a joyful heart， he jumped into a van， which just bought to transport cargo（货物）for his restaurant， and set off.
Leaving his home， he turned onto the main road with a tunnel（隧道）300 meter ahead. The 11.4 kilometer tunnel way to access the local scenic spot， where his restaurant was located. Two years earlier a truck caught fire inside it and the tunnel’s closure for repairs was disastrous blow to Olav’s business. The road to his restaurant was blocked and the stream o of tourists halted（停止） Although it was difficult， he managed to keep their staff on. “And today will be a perfect day，”Olav thought.
Inside the tunnel everything went normal. But when he was near the end， Olav spotted an unusual light 50 meters ahead. Then he saw something burning.
Horrified， he stopped dead in his tracks. A tour bus was on fire！At the back where the engine was， dozens of tourists were stumbling （跌跌撞撞地走）towards him， getting away from the flames.“They’re going the wrong way，”Olav thought， knowing the tunnel exit was just 50 meters ahead round a bend ahead of him. Then he realized the bus was now burning so fierce that it was impossible for them to get around it.
As a former volunteer firefighter， Olav first had to raise the alarm. Grabbing（拿，取）his cellphone， he entered the codes with shaking hands.“A bus is on fire！Close the tunnel gates！”Both gates were shut to avoid the entry of more vehicles， but the thick smoke was pouring out of the bus in his direction under the influence of the strong wind. In no time， it would black out the tunnel， choking（使窒息）and blinding anyone inside it.
There was no way the poor tourists could outrun the toxic （有毒的）fumes.
Every minute counted.
Paragraph 1： Immediately， Olav turned the van around， jumped out and opened the sliding doors to the empty cargo space.________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Paragraph 2： After a 20 minutes’desperate drive， finally there they arrived the exit of the tunnel！____________________
_____________________________________________________
讀原文找出故事主人公遇到的问题，结合所给段首句设想解决办法构思续写情节，完成下表：
A possible version：
Paragraph 1： Immediately， Olav turned the van around， jumped out and opened the sliding doors to the empty cargo space.“Come here！ Everyone！”Olav shouted at the top of his lung while waving his hands to guide the tourists to run towards his van（Solution to external problem）. Seeing the smoke spreading everywhere， the terrified tourists rushed to the van straight（Solution to external problem）. Under the influence of the strong wind， the smoke became thicker and spread increasingly. As a former volunteer firefighter， Olav knew the smoke would be extremely dangerous and he had to take the tourists out of the tunnel as quickly as possible. The situation was so urgent that Olav felt his heart was in his mouth. The moment Olav assured that no one was left， he jumped in and accelerated his van（Solution to external problem）. Paragraph 2： After a 20 minutes’desperate drive， finally there they arrived the exit of the tunnel！How breathtaking！Everyone relieved and looked back to the tunnel， which was flooding with smoke. They all thanked Olav from the bottom of their hearts. Without his help， they couldn’t have escaped successfully or even could have been choked to death by the thick smoke（Solution to external problem）. However， Olav only sat there in silence and fixed his eyes on the tunnel with knitted brows， wondering if the tunnel would be closed for repairing again and how his restaurant would pull through this time. Fortunately， firefighters arrived a moment later and the fire was put out immediately（Solution to external problem）. Soon， Olav found out his worry was unnecessary for the tunnel was repaired and reopened within a day（Solution to internal problem）. During the whole peak season， Olav drove his van transforming cargo from time to time. His restaurant ran better and better.（Solution to internal problem）
責任编辑 蒋小青