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夏播大豆出苗后常因各种原因而出现黄化,重者死亡,在睢宁县有逐年加重的趋势,给大豆生产带来严重影响。笔者通过调查研究认为有以下几方面的原因,而对症施治是确保大豆丰产的关键。1．有毒物质为害。症状表现为生长点畸形,皱缩,生长缓慢或停滞,叶片失绿黄化,植株矮缩,根系发育不良,根少而短。主要原因是土壤中有毒物质积聚过多,尤其是上茬麦田使用甲、绿磺隆及其复配制剂残留,或使用苯磺隆量大,间隔期短,氯嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆等磺酰尿类除草剂使用量大也容易出现上述症状；在田中表现和施药量有关,量少或没喷到的明显轻或没有。雨后长时期干旱使土壤泛盐、泛碱也易对大豆造成伤害,表现为叶片发黄脱落,生长缓慢,根少而短,土表有甘薯面一样的点片粉层。防治对策：通过除草剂的安全应用技术加以防范,本地干旱、低温、土壤偏碱性,上茬小麦田严禁使用甲、绿磺隆及其复配产品,保障苯磺隆的安全间隔期,严格控制噻磺隆和氯嘧磺隆等的使用量和时间。出现药害较轻时,可
Sowing summer sown often due to various reasons, yellowing occurs, the most serious death in Suining County has increased year by year trend, to soybean production have a serious impact. The author through the investigation that there are several reasons for the following, and symptomatic treatment is to ensure that the key to soybean yield. 1. Toxic substances damage. Symptoms of growth point deformity, shrinkage, slow growth or stagnation, green leaf chlorosis, plant dwarfing, root system dysplasia, less root and short. The main reason is the accumulation of toxic substances in the soil is too much, especially in the last crop of wheat fields using a, green residues and its complex formulations of residues, or the use of large amount of tribenuron-methyl, short intervals, chlorimuron-ethyl, thifensulfuron-methyl Sulfonylurea herbicide use is also prone to the above symptoms; in Tanaka performance and the amount of application, the amount of less or not sprayed significantly less or not. After a long period of rain, the soil is flooded with salt and the efflorescence of the alkali is also easy to cause damage to the soybean, which is manifested as yellowing and falling of the leaves, slow growth, short roots and short spots, and the spots on the soil surface are the same as that of the sweet potato noodles. Prevention and control measures: through the safe application of herbicides to be protected against local drought, low temperature, alkaline soil, the previous crop of wheat was banned the use of a, green sulfonamide and its complex products, to protect the safety interval of tribenuron-methyl, strict Control of the use of thionine and chlorimuron and other quantities and time. When there is less injury, may