论文部分内容阅读
集雨灌溉有效地提高了有限降水资源的利用效率,拓展了黄土高原旱地农业的水分来源,是旱农区农业生产迈向21世纪的根本途径。陇中黄土丘陵区定西集雨灌溉高效用水研究表明,春小麦三叶期至抽穗初期每公顷补充灌水200~500m3,增产率达105%~88.3%,供水效率为120~20.8kg/(mm·hm2);春玉米大喇叭口期每公顷补灌400~750m3,增产率达196%~88.4%,供水效率为153~56.6kg/(mm·hm2);谷子始穗期每公顷补灌300m3,增产率达205%,供水效率为156kg/(mm·hm2)。表现出旱后有限灌水的补偿、超补偿的高效性和正常年份的高产效应。
Rainwater harvesting effectively improves the utilization efficiency of limited precipitation resources and expands the source of water for dryland agriculture in the Loess Plateau. It is the fundamental way for agricultural production in the arid region towards the 21st century. Longxi loess hilly Dingxi rainwater-harvesting irrigation water efficiency studies have shown that the spring wheat clover period to heading early hectare irrigation 200 ~ 500m3, the yield was 10 5% ~ 88.3%, water supply efficiency of 12 0 ~ 20 .8kg / (mm · hm2). The yield of spring corn increased from 19.6% to 88.4% and the water supply efficiency from 153 to 56.6kg / (mm · hm2). In the early heading stage of millet, 300m3 per hectare was supplemented, yield increase rate reached 20.5% and water supply efficiency was 15.6kg / (mm · hm2). It shows compensation for limited irrigation after drought, high efficiency of over compensation and high yield in normal years.