在中国漫长的历史中,像朱熹这样被误读、被神化、被扭曲的文人是不多见的。其短暂的人生承载了太多的争议,而且这争议并未随着生命的消解而结束。回首往昔,我们听别人说过道学家朱熹、思想家朱熹、教育家朱熹、文学家朱熹;徜徉历史,我们听到了风从历史的深处吹来,挟来了两种截然不同的情感:这其中有不少人唾骂其虚伪、阴险狡诈,这其中也有陆游和辛弃疾等人在作品中寄托的真切而又悲切的情感。时而他是一尊万民膜拜的真神,时而他又被当作中国落后的罪魁祸首,更有甚 In China’s long history, scholars like Zhu Xi who are misunderstood, deified, and distorted are rare. Its brief life carries too much controversy, and the controversy has not ended with the disappearance of life. Looking back, in the past, we heard others say that Taoism was Zhu Xi, thinker Zhu Xi, educator Zhu Xi, and writer Zhu Xi. In the history of Xuyi, we heard the wind blow in two distinct emotions from the depths of history: Many people reviled their hypocrisy and insidious cunning, among which Lu You and Xin Qiji also placed their true and sad feelings in their works. From time to time, however, he is a true God worshiped by all nations, and sometimes he is regarded as the culprit behind China’s backwardness.