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提出了一种利用真空蒸馏从脆硫铅锑精矿中分离闪锌矿的方法,从理论上分析了闪锌矿与脆硫铅锑精矿分离的可行性并开展了实验研究。理论计算结果表明,Sb_2S_3,PbS,ZnS和FeS在实验温度范围内挥发性依次减弱且不会分解。对实验样品采取化学分析及X射线衍射和能量色散谱物相分析,探究蒸馏温度和保温时间对闪锌矿分离富集效果的影响,分析结果表明,通过真空蒸馏脆硫铅锑精矿的方法可以实现闪锌矿与其他硫化物的分离和富集,在温度为1073~1573 K,随着蒸馏温度和保温时间的增加,锌的富集比出现先增加后稳定的趋势,蒸馏温度的对闪锌矿分离的影响大于保温时间。当保温时间为1.0 h,蒸馏温度为1473 K,系统压力为50 Pa时,锌以闪锌矿形式存在于冷凝盘中,锌含量高达66.32%,接近于纯硫化锌中锌的含量66.67%。该方法为脆硫铅锑矿的冶炼提供的新方法,同时为含有闪锌矿的其他矿物提取闪锌矿提供了新思路。
A method for separating sphalerite from jamesonite by vacuum distillation was proposed. The feasibility of separating sphalerite from jamesonite from the theoretical analysis was analyzed and an experimental study was carried out. Theoretical calculations show that the volatility of Sb_2S_3, PbS, ZnS and FeS in the experimental temperature range, followed by weakening and will not be decomposed. Chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectrometry phase analysis of the experimental samples were carried out to investigate the effect of distillation temperature and holding time on the separation and enrichment effect of sphalerite. The analysis results show that by vacuum distillation of jasite, lead and antimony concentrate The separation and enrichment of sphalerite and other sulfides can be achieved. At the temperature of 1073 ~ 1573 K, the enrichment ratio of zinc increases first and then stabilizes with the increase of distillation temperature and holding time, The effect of sphalerite separation is greater than the holding time. When the holding time is 1.0 h, the distillation temperature is 1473 K and the system pressure is 50 Pa, zinc is present in the condensate tray as sphalerite with a zinc content of 66.32%, which is close to 66.67% of zinc in pure zinc sulfide. The method provides a new method for the smelting of jasite, and provides a new idea for extracting sphalerite from other minerals containing sphalerite.