1987年4月1日，具有115年历史，对日本的经济、社会的发展起过巨大作用的日本国家铁路（简称国铁），由国营变为民营。1．国铁解体民营化的原因国铁作为国营企业体制经营以来，对日本经济的复兴和发展，起了巨大的作用。但是，随着其他交通工具的发展，特别是近几十年来，大量的私人车辆、卡车、飞机等的出现，以及日本的 On April 1, 1987, the 115-year-old Japanese National Railroad (referred to as the National Railroad), which played a significant role in Japan’s economic and social development, was transformed from a state-run state to a private-owned one. 1. Reasons for the National Rail’s Proliferation Proliferation Since the operation of the state-owned enterprise system, the National Railroad has played a huge role in the revitalization and development of Japan’s economy. However, with the development of other modes of transport, especially in recent decades, the emergence of a large number of private vehicles, trucks, airplanes and the like