肺部感染是术后重要的合併症,其治疗原则和其它类型的肺部感染是相同的,但有两个显著特点值得强调指出;第一,病源常是相对少见的肺部致病菌。第二,患者所咳出的痰液培养在确定诊断上没有多大价值。这就需要采用专门的步骤以得出正确的病源诊断。常规治疗是需要的,选择抗菌素以控制可能存在的多种病源。发病条件误吸如下因素可造成外科病人误吸、全麻、鼻饲管、频繁的呕吐和上呼吸道局麻。虽然误吸是一个常见的术后併发症,而对其引起的肺部病理生理改变和病变的治疗目前还存在着混乱的看法。依据吸人物的不同成份可将误吸分成三种综合症。误吸胃酸所致的化学性肺炎已由Mendelson Pulmonary infection is a major complication after surgery, and its principles of treatment are the same as those of other types of lung infections, but there are two salient features worth highlighting: first, the pathogen is often a relatively uncommon pulmonary pathogen. Second, the patient’s cough sputum culture in the diagnosis is not much value. This requires specialized steps to derive the correct pathogen diagnosis. Routine treatment is needed, and antibiotics are chosen to control the many possible causes. Inhalation of conditions Aspiration of the following factors can cause surgical patients aspiration, general anesthesia, nasogastric tube, frequent vomiting and upper respiratory tract local anesthesia. Although aspiration is a common postoperative complication, confusion still exists about the pathophysiological changes and pathological changes caused by it. Inhalation of different components according to inhalation can be divided into three syndromes. Chemical pneumonia caused by aspiration of stomach acid has been challenged by Mendelson