论文部分内容阅读
一、建立现代企业制度的难题在计划经济体制下形成的“工厂制”国有企业制度与在市场经济的发展过程中逐步建立起来的“公司制”现代企业制度相比,存在着很多弊端。这些弊端就给现代企业制度的建立提出很多现实性难题。主要表现在:第一,产权界定难。所谓产权关系,实际上是具有一定约束的财产关系,即出资者以股权的形式拥有财产的终极所有权,企业作为法人拥有法人所有权,对授予其经营管理的财产享有占用、使用和依法处分的权利。现代企业制度则把产权制度作为核心问题。而我国国有企业运行中的主要矛盾,就是没有产权边界的国有企业制度与要求明确产权规则的现代企业制度之间的矛盾。产权关系不清,必然导致管理责任不清,监督经营管理不利,造成严重的国有资产流失。在这里,国有企业存量资产的产权界定难,就是在制度创新过程中出现的首
I. Difficulties in establishing a modern enterprise system Compared with the “company system” modern enterprise system that has gradually established in the course of the development of the market economy, the “factory” state-owned enterprise system formed under the planned economic system has many drawbacks. These drawbacks put forward many realistic problems for the establishment of a modern enterprise system. Mainly in: First, it is difficult to define property rights. The so-called property rights relationship is actually a property relationship with certain constraints, that is, the capital owner owns the ultimate ownership of the property in the form of equity, the enterprise, as a legal person, has legal person ownership, and enjoys the right to occupy, use, and dispose of the property granted to its management. . The modern enterprise system regards the property rights system as the core issue. The main contradiction in the operation of state-owned enterprises in China is the contradiction between the state-owned enterprise system with no property rights boundary and the modern enterprise system requiring clear property rights rules. Unclear property rights relations will inevitably lead to unclear management responsibilities, supervision of unfavorable management and management, and the loss of serious state-owned assets. Here, the difficulty in defining the property rights of state-owned enterprises’ stock assets is the first in the process of institutional innovation.