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自16世纪下半期至19世纪末,俄国政府采取一系列政策和措施,逐步将哥萨克自由群体变成独特的军事阶层。17世纪上半期前俄国政府雇佣哥萨克为其打仗、驻守边防,成为俄国的雇佣军;17世纪60年代起,俄国政府迫使哥萨克臣服于俄国沙皇,成为俄国对外殖民扩张的非正规军;19世纪上半期,俄国政府通过颁布哥萨克管理条例和建立哥萨克军区将哥萨克纳入俄国行政管理体系,哥萨克成为俄国一个独特的军事阶层。哥萨克的社会属性和社会地位最终确立。
From the latter half of the 16th century to the end of the 19th century, the Russian government adopted a series of policies and measures to gradually turn the Cossack liberty into a unique military class. Before the first half of the 17th century, the Russian government employed the Cossack to fight for it and stationed the frontier defense and became a mercenary of Russia. From the sixteenth century onwards, the Russian government forced Cossack to surrender to the Russian tsar and become an irregular army for the expansion of Russia’s colonies abroad. In the first half of the 19th century, Russia The government has made Cossack a unique Russian military class by enacting regulations governing the Cossacks and establishing Cossacks with Cossacks into the Russian administration. Cossack’s social attributes and social status eventually established.