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语言人类学是语言学和人类学的交叉学科,20世纪初源于美国,现在已经发展成为美国人类学研究的四大分支学科之一。进入21世纪以来,美国出现了大量的语言人类学新成果,其中Laura Ahearn(2012)所著的《活的语言——语言人类学导论》~(①)一书,语言通俗易懂,内容系统全面,是学习语言人类学的入门佳作。该书强调语言研究不能脱离具体语境,更不能脱离社会实践及其文化意义,倡导语言、社会和文化研究的学科交叉性,主张研究方法的多元化。然而,该书在强调社会语境的重要性的同时,并不排斥语言内部结构方面的研究,而是主张这两个方面的研究应该是有机结合的。
Linguistic anthropology is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistics and anthropology. Originally from the United States in the early 20th century, linguistic anthropology has now developed into one of the four major branches of anthropological research in the United States. Since the 21st century, a great deal of new achievements in linguistic anthropology have emerged in the United States. Laura Ahearn (2012), Introduction to Living Languages - Linguistic Anthropology (1), a language-friendly and content system Comprehensive, is a good introduction to language anthropology. The book emphasizes that linguistic research can not be divorced from specific contexts, nor can it be divorced from social practice and its cultural significance, advocating the interdisciplinary nature of linguistic, social and cultural studies and advocating the diversification of research methods. However, while stressing the importance of social context, the book does not exclude the study of the internal structure of language, but advocates that the two aspects of the study should be organically integrated.