小儿外科领域内，合理的预防性应用抗生素可增加手术安全性．减少术后井发症，扩大手术范围．提高治愈率。但抗生素不能替代严格的外科基本原则。若视其为“万灵药”滥用．既浪费．又不能降低感染率．可能破坏机体微生态平衡．促进耐药菌株生长并发二重感染．甚至掩盖感染症状 In the field of pediatric surgery, rational prophylactic use of antibiotics can increase the safety of surgery. Reduce postoperative complications and expand the scope of surgery. Improve the cure rate. But antibiotics can not replace the strict surgical principles. If it is “a panacea” abuse. It is wasteful. And can not reduce the infection rate. May damage the body’s micro-ecological balance. Promote the growth of resistant strains complicated by double infection. Even cover up the symptoms of infection