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选择芦山地震灾区为研究区,以滑坡灾害为研究对象,在GIS技术的支持下进行了芦山地震灾区滑坡灾害危险性、易损性和风险评价研究。首先,选择坡向、坡度、地层岩性、断裂带、河流冲刷作用、地震烈度和降水量7个影响因子建立了芦山地震灾区滑坡灾害危险性评价的指标体系,同时提取研究区的人口密度、经济密度、林地覆盖率、建筑覆盖率、道路密度和滑坡灾害影响区6个指标因子建立了滑坡灾害易损性评价的指标体系。然后,分别应用信息量模型和贡献权重迭加模型,进行了芦山地震灾区滑坡灾害危险性评价和易损性评价,进而开展了基于GIS的芦山地震灾区滑坡灾害风险评价,最后应用自然断点法进行了滑坡灾害风险度区划研究。研究结果表明:高风险区和较高风险区面积分别为102.43 km2和3529.65 km2,占全区总面积的0.24%和8.25%,其灾害分布密度分别为20.50个/100 km2和2.38个/100 km2(均大于芦山地震灾区的平均值,尤其是高风险区)。高风险区和较高风险区的分布主要与人类工程活动密切相关,是人类经济活动最为频繁的地区。与实地调研结果对比发现,研究结果基本符合芦山地震灾区的实际情况,可以为芦山地震灾区恢复重建、聚落搬迁和人口分布再调整提供参考。
Lushan earthquake disaster area is selected as the research area, landslide disaster is taken as the research object, landslide disaster risk, vulnerability and risk assessment of Lushan earthquake-stricken area are studied with the support of GIS technology. Firstly, the index system of landslide disaster risk assessment in Lushan earthquake-stricken area was established by selecting seven influencing factors of slope, slope, stratigraphic lithology, fault zone, river scour, seismic intensity and precipitation. Meanwhile, the population density, Economic index, density of forest, woodland coverage, building coverage, road density and landslide disaster area. Then, the risk model and vulnerability assessment of landslide disaster in Lushan earthquake-stricken area were carried out respectively by applying information model and contribution weight superposition model respectively. Then the risk assessment of landslide hazard based on GIS in Lushan earthquake-stricken area was carried out. Finally, Landslide disaster risk zoning study. The results show that the area of high-risk area and high-risk area are respectively 102.43 km2 and 3529.65 km2, accounting for 0.24% and 8.25% of the total area, and the distribution density of the disaster are 20.50 / 100 km2 and 2.38 / 100 km2 respectively (Both larger than the average of Lushan earthquake-stricken areas, especially in high-risk areas). The distribution of high-risk areas and high-risk areas is mainly closely related to human engineering activities and is the area where human beings are most economically active. Compared with the field survey results, the results of the study are basically in line with the actual situation of Lushan earthquake-stricken areas, which can provide reference for the rehabilitation, resettlement and population readjustment of Lushan earthquake-stricken areas.