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西南山区由于其立体气候的多样性而使马铃薯发生多种病虫害，造成产量的不稳定性。通过一系列的问卷调查和大田观察取样以及实验室病理检测，结果说明晚疫病、病毒病和青枯病是本地区最重要的病害。晚疫病常年造成１０％～３０％的产量损失，且每隔数年有一次大流行而造成更大的产量损失。种薯因病毒和其它病菌感染而不同程度地影响到产量的发挥。青枯病的发病规律较为复杂且较难预测控制。这几种病害的发生程度与作物生长季节、海拔、种薯年龄、品种、农艺措施等等密切相关。现有品种间发现有抗晚疫病和青枯病的差异。土样根系样中发现有各种寄生性线虫存在，但其危害性特别是与青枯病的关系有待进一步研究明确。２８星瓢虫是本地区危害最重的害虫。本文还列举讨论了各种病虫害防治措施。
Due to the diversity of its three-dimensional climate in mountainous areas in Southwest China, many diseases and insect pests occur in potatoes, resulting in the instability of production. Through a series of questionnaires and field observations and laboratory pathological tests, the results showed that late blight, viral disease and bacterial wilt were the most important diseases in the region. Late blight contributes 10% to 30% of the annual production loss, and there is a pandemic every few years resulting in greater yield loss. Seed potatoes due to viruses and other germs infection affect the production to varying degrees. The pathogenesis of bacterial wilt is more complicated and more difficult to predict and control. The occurrence of these diseases is closely related to crop growth season, altitude, seed-age, variety, agronomic measures and so on. The existing varieties found between late blight and bacterial wilt differences. There are various kinds of parasitic nematodes found in soil samples, but its harmfulness, especially the relationship with bacterial wilt, remains to be further studied. 28 Star Ladybug is the hardest pest in the region. This article also listed a variety of pest control measures.