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古代文人大多聚集在某一政治集团或文化集团周围,他们的生存方式徘徊在“独善”和“兼济”之间,始终是一种静态的、以“中和”为美学特征的生存体验。晚清文人依靠新兴的大众传媒和社团学会而群聚,以一种“无根”的精神状态漂浮在现代都市,形成了一种动态的、以“焦虑”为美学特征的现代性体验。群聚方式的改变直接促使晚清文学主体的身份从传统士大夫转变为现代知识分子。
Most of the ancient literati gathered around a political group or cultural group, their way of life hovering between the “only good” and “concurrently”, is always a static, with “and” as the Aesthetic characteristics of the living experience. In the late Qing Dynasty, the literati relied on the emerging mass media and society to gather and float in the modern city with a kind of “rootless” mental state, forming a dynamic, modernized “anxiety” aesthetic character Sexual experience. The change of the way of gathering directly aroused the identity of the main body of literature in late Qing Dynasty from traditional doctor to modern intellectual.