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目的了解患上呼吸道感染的0~5岁儿童肺炎链球菌的血清群/型及其对抗生素耐药情况。探讨肺炎链球菌疫苗在中国儿童使用的意义。方法取患儿鼻咽分泌物,分离出137株肺炎链球菌。采用荚膜肿胀法(Quellinngtest)进行血清群/型分析。E-test及K-B纸片扩散法检测对青霉素等13种抗生素的敏感性。结果疫苗相关血清型占63%,最常见的血清群/型为19、6、23、14。青霉素不敏感率为33%,较往年增高。青霉素耐药菌株对头孢类抗生素有交叉耐药性,红霉素、阿奇霉素耐药率达94%,应引起临床高度重视。结论疫苗相关血清群/型在0~5岁儿童覆盖率较高,肺炎链球菌疫苗的使用有利于降低儿童肺炎链球菌感染的发病率,有助于减少抗生素耐药的产生。
Objective To understand the serogroups / types of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children aged 0 ~ 5 with respiratory tract infection and their antibiotic resistance. To explore the significance of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine for children in China. Methods Children with nasopharyngeal secretions, isolated 137 Streptococcus pneumoniae. Serogroup / type analysis was performed using the Quellinng test. E-test and K-B disk diffusion method to detect penicillin and other 13 kinds of antibiotics sensitivity. Results Vaccine-associated serotypes accounted for 63% of the most common serogroups / types 19,6,23,14. Penicillin insensitivity rate of 33%, higher than in previous years. Penicillin-resistant strains of cephalosporins have cross-resistance, erythromycin, azithromycin resistance rate of 94%, should cause clinical attention. Conclusion Vaccine-associated serogroups / strains have a high coverage rate in children aged 0-5 years. The use of pneumococcal vaccine is beneficial to reduce the incidence of pneumococcal infection in children and help to reduce the antibiotic resistance.