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本文从分解者亚系统水平，研究了高黎贡山海拔1000～3100m的不同植被下土壤中微生物的数量和多样性，对不同海拔高度、不同植被下的12份土壤样品，进行了微生物数量、真菌多样性及养分含量的测定，结果得出：细菌、真菌、放线菌数量和真菌多样性随海拔不同而变化，最高值出现在海拔2000m左右，其植被下土壤微生物的数量和多样性最高，随海拔升高或降低均呈下降趋势，在山底降到较低水平。土壤微生物随海拔高度的变化与生态因子呈现不同程度的相关性，其中，微生物的数量和多样性与气温、有机质之间的相关性最大，除细菌数量与气温、真菌数量与有机质外，都达到了显著的水平；与有效氮、土壤含水量之间的相关性次之；而与速效磷和速效钾的相关性较差。说明影响高黎贡山土壤微生物数量和多样性垂直分布的主要生态因子是气温、土壤有机质和有效氮含量、土壤含水量，现有土壤磷和钾含量的变化对土壤微生物数量和多样性的影响相对较小。
Based on the sub-system level of the decomposer, this paper studied the quantity and diversity of microorganisms in soils under 1000-5100 m above sea level at Gaoligong Mountain. The soil samples from 12 different soil samples under different altitudes and different vegetations were analyzed for microbial diversity, fungal diversity The results showed that the number of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and fungi varied with altitude, and the highest value appeared at about 2000 m above sea level. The quantity and diversity of soil microbes under vegetation were the highest Both the elevation and the decrease of elevation showed a downward trend, dropping to a lower level in the mountain bottom. The correlations between soil microorganisms and ecological factors showed different degrees with the change of altitude. Among them, the correlation between the number and diversity of microorganisms and temperature and organic matter was the largest, except for the number of bacteria and temperature, the number of fungi and organic matter The correlation between available nitrogen and soil moisture was the second, but the correlation with available phosphorus and available potassium was poor. The main ecological factors influencing the vertical distribution of soil microorganism quantity and diversity in Mt. Gaoligong are temperature, soil organic matter and available nitrogen content, soil water content, and the changes of soil phosphorus and potassium content on the quantity and diversity of soil microbes small.