高中物理教材中安排了光的色散内容。教材中关于色散的演示实验方法简单、现象直观、易于被学生接受。然而涉及这部分知识的习题却使一些学生颇觉麻烦。这是因为这部分内容涉及的物理量较多,如偏向角、折射角、折射率、光速、频率、波长等。特别是它们的大小随不同色光变化的关系不易被记牢,这无疑增加了解题时的思维负担。在教学中如何突破这一难点?下面谈谈我的做法和体会。一、做好演示实验,建立物理图象光的色散知识是建立在光的色散实验基础之上的。因此,在教学中做好光的色散演示实验,将色散现象直观地展示在学生面前,给学生以强烈的感观刺激,在头脑中建立正确的物理图象,是学生掌握色散知识的关键。 Dispersion of light is arranged in high school physics textbooks. Dispersion demonstrations in teaching materials are simple, intuitive, and easily accepted by students. However, exercises involving this part of the knowledge have made some students feel troubled. This is because this part involves more physical quantities, such as deflection angle, refraction angle, refractive index, light speed, frequency, wavelength, and so on. In particular, the relationship between their size and different shades of light is not easy to remember, which will undoubtedly increase the burden of thinking when learning questions. How to overcome this difficulty in teaching? Let’s talk about my approach and experience. First, do a demonstration experiment, establish the dispersion knowledge of the physical image light is based on the dispersion experiment of light. Therefore, to do a good job in the teaching of dispersion demonstration of light, visual display of dispersion in front of students, give students a strong sense of stimulation, in the mind to establish the correct physical image, is the key to students to master dispersion knowledge.