宋代提点刑狱司是统辖一路司法、监察等事务的重要地方政府机构。在宋代历史发展中,它逐渐兼领劝农司、河渠修造、保甲司等机构,因而在地方农业发展、农民生活保障、农村基层社会控制与管理中发挥了重要作用。从劝课农桑到兴修水利、赈救灾民、减免赋税、移风易俗等,无不体现着统治者利用提刑司来促进地方“三农”建设,缓和阶级矛盾、稳定地方统治的意图。提刑司对保甲的校阅、管理和对盗贼的残酷镇压,也体现了宋代统治者对乡村基层统治的严密化。提刑司等地方机构“一专多能”的职能设置和“双管齐下”的管理模式在宋代“三农”乃至其它事务管理中发挥了重要作用,同时由于其制度设计的有效性,也为明清后世所继承和沿用。 Song Dynasty referred to the Prisoners of Prisons is a jurisdiction of all the way to justice, supervision and other important local government agencies. In the historical development of the Song Dynasty, it gradually took the lead in persecuting agricultural departments, river drains and Baojia Division, which played an important role in the development of local agriculture, the guarantee of peasants’ living, and the control and management of rural grass-roots units. From persuasion to farming and rehabilitation of water conservancy, disaster relief, tax relief, customs and other customs, all reflect the rulers of using the sentence to promote local “agriculture, rural areas and rural areas ” construction, to alleviate the class contradiction, and stabilize the local government’s intentions. The torture of Baoji’s review, management and brutal suppression of thieves by the torture commission also reflected that the rulers of the Song Dynasty had strictly ruled the rural grassroots. Local authorities such as criminal penalties and the establishment of multi-functional departments and the management mode of “two-pronged approach” played an important role in the management of the “Three Rural Issues” and other affairs in the Song Dynasty. At the same time, due to their institutional design Effectiveness, but also for the Ming and Qing dynasties inherited and used.