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研究甘蔗属与滇蔗茅属间远缘杂交F1染色体遗传行为具有重要科学意义,可为发掘利用滇蔗茅野生优异基因资源提供细胞学依据。本研究采用常规压片技术对可育父本及不育杂交F1花粉母细胞减数分裂过程进行比较观察,结果显示可育父本云南95-19减数分裂正常,而不育杂交F1分裂异常;进一步对F1花粉母细胞减数分裂过程进行基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH,genome in situ hybridization)分析,结果表明:滇蔗茅与甘蔗属热带种的亲缘关系较远,双亲染色体在F1细胞中不能进行同源配对,终变期,15条滇蔗茅染色体以单价体形式存在,花粉母细胞减数分裂细胞中存在滞后染色体、染色体丢失和不均衡分离现象。甘蔗-滇蔗茅属间远缘杂交F1花粉母细胞减数分裂异常因而杂交F1花粉完全败育。
It is of important scientific significance to study the F1 chromosome genetic behavior of distant hybrids between Sugarcane and Dictyostella to provide cytological basis for exploring and utilizing the excellent genetic resources of Dianchih. In this study, we observed the meiosis process of F1 pollen mother cells between male sterile and sterile F1 by conventional tableting technique. The results showed that meiosis of fertile parent Yunnan 95-19 was normal, but abnormal F1 division of male sterile F1 ; Further analysis of meiosis of F1 pollen mother cells by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) showed that the genetic relationship between D. dipsaci and Saccharum spontaneum was farther apart. Parents’ chromosomes in F1 cells Can not be homologous pair, the end of the period, 15 Dian Dian Mao Chromosomes exist in monovalent forms, pollen mother cells meiosis cells hysteresis chromosomes, chromosomal loss and uneven separation. The F1 pollen mother cell meiosis abnormalities in the distant crosses between the sugarcane - Dian Cimicifuga hybrid F1 pollen completely aborted.