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为深入研究植被减流减沙特征及对流域水土保持效益的影响,本文通过5个覆盖度,6个坡度和7个流量的组合条件下的室内放水试验,系统研究了植被对坡面水流的缓流特征。结果表明:随着植被覆盖度增加,植被对坡面水流的阻滞作用逐渐凸显,即缓流系数减小,缓流效果增强,当植被覆盖度大于4.650%时,缓流效果趋于稳定。在试验流量范围内,缓流系数随流量的增加呈现逐渐减少的趋势,而随坡度的增加略有增加。缓流系数随水深和雷诺数增加而减小,而与弗劳德数呈反C型分布。最后,建立了基于试验控制变量(植被覆盖度,流量和坡度)的缓流系数预测公式。
In order to further study the characteristics of vegetation runoff and sediment reduction and its impact on the benefits of water and soil conservation in the basin, this study systematically studied the effect of vegetation on the water flow in the slope by means of indoor water release test under the conditions of a combination of 5 coverage, 6 slopes and 7 flows. Slow flow characteristics. The results showed that with the increase of vegetation coverage, the retardation effect of vegetation on water flow of slope surface gradually became apparent, that is, the slow flow coefficient decreased and the slow flow increased. When the vegetation coverage was more than 4.650%, the slow flow was stabilized. In the range of experimental flow rate, the relaxation coefficient shows a decreasing trend with the increase of flow rate, but slightly increases with the increase of slope degree. The slowing coefficient decreases with the increase of water depth and Reynolds number, and is inversely C-shaped with Froude number. Finally, a prediction formula of slugging coefficient based on experimental control variables (vegetation coverage, flow rate and slope) was established.