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目的了解目前黑龙江省老年人慢性病的患病情况以及影响因素,旨在为提出有效的慢性病防治措施以及后续的干预措施提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法对哈尔滨市、绥化市望奎县农村社区60岁及以上老年人进行现场调查。结果城市地区老年人口慢性病的患病率高于农村地区,高血压、冠心病、慢性支气管炎、肾脏疾病和糖尿病居慢性病患病率的前五位;性别、年龄、职业、文化程度以及吸烟是老年人慢性病主要的影响因素;城市老年人健康状况自我评价总体高于农村地区。结论被调查老年人的慢性病患病率高于第四次卫生服务调查的水平,应加大老年人慢性病的预防保健知识宣传力度,完善基本医疗卫生服务体系,建立健全社区卫生服务体系。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases of the elderly in Heilongjiang Province at present and to provide evidences for effective prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and follow-up interventions. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the elderly aged 60 years and over in rural communities of Wangkui County in Harbin and Suihua City. Results The prevalence rate of chronic diseases in the elderly population in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The top five prevalence rates of hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic bronchitis, kidney disease and diabetes mellitus were gender, age, occupation, educational level and smoking The main influencing factors of chronic diseases of the elderly are the self-evaluation of the health condition of the urban elderly is generally higher than that of the rural areas. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly under investigation is higher than that of the fourth health service survey. Knowledge of preventive health care for chronic diseases should be increased, the basic medical and health service system should be improved, and the community health service system should be established and perfected.