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[目的]明确青海省手足口病暴发的病原体并对其进行流行病学分析。[方法]收集病例和密切接触者的粪便、咽拭子、疱疹液,分别在肠道病毒基因组5′端非编码区,CAV16和EV71VP1区设计通用引物和特异性引物进行RT-PCR实验。[结果]应用RT-PCR分析方法,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定为阳性的标本,从682例病例及密切接触者粪便、咽拭子、疱疹液标本直接扩增基因快速诊断8例为CAV16,49例为EV71,阳性率为8.36%,年龄均在1月～9岁中,以1～4岁为主,大部分病人临床症状以口腔黏膜疹和手足皮疹为主,少数伴有低热。[结论]青海省手足口病病原体以EV71和CAV16为主。
[Objective] To identify the pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease outbreak in Qinghai Province and carry out epidemiological analysis. [Methods] The feces, throat swab and herpes fluid of patients and close contacts were collected and RT-PCR experiments were designed in the 5 ’untranslated region, the CAV16 and EV71VP1 regions of enterovirus genome respectively. [Result] The positive samples were identified by agarose gel electrophoresis using RT-PCR analysis method. Among 682 cases and close contact with excrement, throat swab and herpes fluid samples, 8 cases were directly diagnosed as CAV16, 49 cases of EV71, the positive rate was 8.36%, aged from January to 9 years old, mainly in 1 to 4 years old, most of the clinical symptoms of oral mucosal rash and hand, foot and leg rashes, a few with fever. [Conclusion] The pathogens of HFMD in Qinghai Province are mainly EV71 and CAV16.