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在英语中，表示色彩的词，black，red，white，yellow，orange，indigo，violet等，除了用来表示事物的颜色外，还常常被引申表达某些特定的含义。由于色彩是日常生活的一部分，这些由表示色彩的词汇构成的词组或短语更富有表现力，更生动形象。了解和掌握这些词组或短语，不仅能增加我们的词汇量，也有益于提高我们的英语表达能力。首先让我们看一看black及其构成的一些词组和短语。
black意为“黑色”或“黑暗的”。black out意为“熄灭灯火”、“停电”，也引申为“扣发”（文章）和“封锁”（新闻）。
The last snowstorm caused a blackout in several counties.
上次的暴风雪造成许多县停电。
In 1997 the New York City was blacked out for hours because of a power failure.
1997年一次断电事故使纽约全城一片漆黑，长达数小时之久。
A number of his articles were blacked out by the censors.
他的一些文章被审查人员扣发。
There was a complete blackout on information.
消息被完全封锁了。
He blacked out the passages he didn’t like.
他抹掉了他不喜欢的段落。
black out也作“昏厥”或“失去知觉”解。
The pain was intense that he blacked out for several minutes.
剧烈的疼痛使他昏迷过去好幾分钟。
After the fall he blacked out and could not remember what happened.
他摔倒之后失去了知觉，不记得后来的事情。
go black则是说人昏倒之时，眼前一片漆黑。
Suddenly everything goes black and that’s the last thing I can remember.
我突然眼前一片漆黑，别的什么都不记得了。
日常生活中，黑色是不受欢迎的色彩，通常与“阴郁不快”、“倒霉”、“不吉利”等概念联系在一起。
Things look black.
事情看起来不妙。
He was black in the face.
他脸色铁青。
She was black with rage.
她怒容满面。
She cast a black look at the box in the corner of the room and left.
她厌恶地看了一眼墙角的方盒就走开了。
I saw his wife giving him a black look when he brought out a second bottle of whisky.
我看见他拿出来第二瓶威士忌酒时，他的妻子瞪了他一眼。
It would be a black day for this country if everyone else takes the same hopeless attitude as you do.
如果人人都像你那样不求上进，这个国家就完了。
The black day I can remember was in the 1976 when a terrible earthquake ruined the whole city in a matter of seconds.
我所记得的最不吉利的一天是在1976年，那天一场大地震使全城在顷刻之间化为废墟。
This is not the time to ask him a favor. He’s been in a black mood since yesterday.
这会儿别请他帮忙，他从昨天起一直情绪很坏。
a black spot则指经常发生恶性交通事故的路口或路段。路标上常用醒目的黑体字写上Accident black spot，以提醒开车者小心开车。
Drive with care. Accident black spot！
小心开车，这是事故多发地段！
black 还含有“毁坏”或“玷污”的意思。paint sb. black就是蓄意把某人说得一无是处，说某人坏。
She is not as black as she is painted.
她不像人们传说的那么坏。
Don’t black my good names by spreading lies.
别散布流言蜚语诋毁我的声誉。
black sheep指的是损坏家庭声誉的败家子，或者是玷污团体荣誉的害群之马。
She has come from a selfish and often ruthless New Orleans family， with its black sheep and its white wolves.
black意为“黑色”或“黑暗的”。black out意为“熄灭灯火”、“停电”，也引申为“扣发”（文章）和“封锁”（新闻）。
The last snowstorm caused a blackout in several counties.
上次的暴风雪造成许多县停电。
In 1997 the New York City was blacked out for hours because of a power failure.
1997年一次断电事故使纽约全城一片漆黑，长达数小时之久。
A number of his articles were blacked out by the censors.
他的一些文章被审查人员扣发。
There was a complete blackout on information.
消息被完全封锁了。
He blacked out the passages he didn’t like.
他抹掉了他不喜欢的段落。
black out也作“昏厥”或“失去知觉”解。
The pain was intense that he blacked out for several minutes.
剧烈的疼痛使他昏迷过去好幾分钟。
After the fall he blacked out and could not remember what happened.
他摔倒之后失去了知觉，不记得后来的事情。
go black则是说人昏倒之时，眼前一片漆黑。
Suddenly everything goes black and that’s the last thing I can remember.
我突然眼前一片漆黑，别的什么都不记得了。
日常生活中，黑色是不受欢迎的色彩，通常与“阴郁不快”、“倒霉”、“不吉利”等概念联系在一起。
Things look black.
事情看起来不妙。
He was black in the face.
他脸色铁青。
She was black with rage.
她怒容满面。
She cast a black look at the box in the corner of the room and left.
她厌恶地看了一眼墙角的方盒就走开了。
I saw his wife giving him a black look when he brought out a second bottle of whisky.
我看见他拿出来第二瓶威士忌酒时，他的妻子瞪了他一眼。
It would be a black day for this country if everyone else takes the same hopeless attitude as you do.
如果人人都像你那样不求上进，这个国家就完了。
The black day I can remember was in the 1976 when a terrible earthquake ruined the whole city in a matter of seconds.
我所记得的最不吉利的一天是在1976年，那天一场大地震使全城在顷刻之间化为废墟。
This is not the time to ask him a favor. He’s been in a black mood since yesterday.
这会儿别请他帮忙，他从昨天起一直情绪很坏。
a black spot则指经常发生恶性交通事故的路口或路段。路标上常用醒目的黑体字写上Accident black spot，以提醒开车者小心开车。
Drive with care. Accident black spot！
小心开车，这是事故多发地段！
black 还含有“毁坏”或“玷污”的意思。paint sb. black就是蓄意把某人说得一无是处，说某人坏。
She is not as black as she is painted.
她不像人们传说的那么坏。
Don’t black my good names by spreading lies.
别散布流言蜚语诋毁我的声誉。
black sheep指的是损坏家庭声誉的败家子，或者是玷污团体荣誉的害群之马。
She has come from a selfish and often ruthless New Orleans family， with its black sheep and its white wolves.