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表现主义在主观与客观的关系上,主张通过表现自我主观感受和激情来揭示人的灵魂;在艺术与生活的关系问题上,着重表现和挖掘人物内心的生活、心理的真实来深刻揭示人生的意义。心理的真实成为表现主义的“最高真实”。曹禺深受表现主义剧作家奥尼尔的影响,加上他自主而可贵的艺术探索,在《原野》中大量运用表现主义的艺术手法,如幻觉、独白、心灵通感等来表现人的心理,使《原野》成为了中国表现主义戏剧的典范,也使剧作家自身创作呈现出了新鲜的色彩和艺术光辉。
In the relationship between subjectivity and objectivity, Expressionism advocates revealing the human soul through the expression of subjective feelings and passion. On the relationship between art and life, Expressionism emphasizes the expression and excavation of the inner life and psychology of the characters to deeply reveal the life significance. The truth of psychology becomes the expressionism’s “highest truth.” Influenced by the expressionist playwright O’Neill and his own artistic exploration, Cao Yu made extensive use of expressionist artistic techniques such as hallucination, soliloquy and psychosomatic psychology in The Wilderness, Wilderness has become a model of Chinese expressionist drama, and has also enabled playwrights to create their own creations with fresh colors and artistic brilliance.