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目的:探讨冰片与薄荷脑、吐温80对鼻黏膜刺激性。方法:大鼠经药液鼻腔给药后观察大鼠行为学变化;用药14 d后取大鼠鼻中隔黏膜观察有无充血、红肿等现象。结果:生理盐水组和吐温80组喷嚏、甩头和抓鼻频率均高于空白组;薄荷脑组甩头及抓鼻频率均高于吐温80组。高、低浓度冰片组喷嚏、甩头频率均高于生理盐水组;高浓度冰片组喷嚏及甩头频率高于低浓度冰片组。鼻黏膜刺激反应分级评分说明:吐温80、生理盐水对大鼠鼻黏膜无刺激性,薄荷脑及低浓度冰片有轻度刺激性,高浓度冰片有中度刺激性。结论:冰片对鼻黏膜刺激性严重程度与浓度密切相关;吐温80可作为冰片复方制剂的增溶剂。
Objective: To investigate the irritation of nasal mucosa between borneol and menthol and Tween 80. Methods: Rats were treated with nasal solution and the behavioral changes of rats were observed. After 14 days of administration, nasal septum mucosa was observed for congestion, swelling and so on. Results: The frequency of sneezing, shaving and snagging in the saline group and Tween 80 group were higher than those in the blank group. The frequency of head shaving and grabbing nose were higher in the menthol group than in the Tween 80 group. High and low concentration of borneol group sneezing, head shatter frequency were higher than the saline group; high concentration of borneol group sneezing and shaving frequency higher than the low concentration of borneol group. Nasal mucosa irritation response graded score Description: Tween 80, saline non-irritating to the nasal mucosa of rats, menthol and low concentrations of borneol mild irritant, high concentrations of borneol moderate irritation. CONCLUSION: Borneol is closely related to the irritation severity and concentration of nasal mucosa. Tween 80 can be used as solubilizer for borneol compound preparation.