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目的了解泸州市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)监测系统报告的AEFI的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运行质量。方法对疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统报告的信息进行评估和整理,并用描述性流行病学方法,对泸州市2008-2013年报告的AEFI数据进行分析。结果泸州市2008-2013年共报告AEFI病例461例,其中一般反应388例占84.16%,异常反应45例占9.76%,偶合症26例占5.64%,接种事故和心因性反应各1例分别占0.22%。涉及疫苗28种,23价肺炎疫苗发生率最高为2.75/万。全市AEFI病例48 h内及时报告率为96.53%,48 h内调查率均为100.00%。AEFI病例在24 h内发生的最多(396例),占85.99%。结论泸州市2008-2013年AEFI监测系统运行质量逐年提高,疫苗安全性和预防接种服务质量较高。选用免疫效果好且安全性高的疫苗,加强医务人员培训,并严格执行三查七对制度,可减少AEFI病例的发生。应完善城乡二级网络,提高AEFI病例报告的灵敏度,做到及时发现和报告,并妥善处置。
Objective To understand the characteristics of AEFI reported by AEFI surveillance system in Luzhou and evaluate the quality of AEFI monitoring system. Methods The information reported by the information system of suspected abnormal immunization response was evaluated and sorted out, and the AEFI data of Luzhou City 2008-2013 was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 461 AEFI cases were reported in Luzhou from 2008 to 2013, of which 388 cases accounted for 84.16%, 45 cases accounted for 9.76%, 26 cases accounted for 5.64%, and 1 case of inoculation accident and cardioembolism respectively Accounting for 0.22%. 28 kinds of vaccines were involved, and the highest incidence of 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines was 2.75 / million. The timely reporting rate of AEFI cases in the city within 48 h was 96.53%, and the investigation rate was 100.00% within 48 h. AEFI cases occurred within 24 h (396 cases), accounting for 85.99%. Conclusion The operation quality of AEFI monitoring system in Luzhou City increased from 2008 to 2013 year by year, and the vaccine safety and vaccination service quality were high. Selection of vaccines with good immunization effect and high safety, strengthening the training of medical personnel and strictly implementing the three check and seven pairs of systems can reduce the incidence of AEFI cases. The secondary network in urban and rural areas should be perfected, the sensitivity of AEFI case report should be improved, timely detection and reporting should be done and proper disposal should be done.