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目的:了解添加辅食对2岁以下儿童生长发育的影响。方法:以4～6月龄时婴幼儿是否开始添加辅食分组,由专人负责,统一表格、标准和要求,进行统一规定的～6、～9、～12、～18、～24月5个年龄段儿童的体格检查和母亲的1人1表问卷调查。结果:深圳市4月龄儿童添加辅食率为60.2%,6月龄儿童为83.7%。添加辅食组～24月龄儿童的体重明显大于末加辅食组,P<0.01,～18月龄儿童的血红蛋白浓度添加辅食组明显高于末加辅食组,P<0.02,各年龄组儿童的血红细胞数比较,添加辅食组均明显高于末加辅食组,P<0.05或0.01。添加辅食与否对各年龄组儿童身长的影响,对婴儿独走、独坐、叫爸妈发育的影响,以及对婴儿感冒、支气管炎及肺炎、腹泻、佝偻病等发病率的影响,均无显著性差异,P>0.05。结论:及时合理的添加辅食,对儿童的血红细胞数和血红蛋白浓度以及体格生长发育均有较大的益处。应在大力提倡科学母乳喂养的同时,进一步加强儿童辅食添加知识及喂养行为方面的宣传与指导,促进婴幼儿的生长发育。
Objective: To understand the effects of supplementary feeding on the growth and development of children under 2 years old. Methods: At 4 ~ 6 months of age, infants and young children began to add supplementary food group, and were responsible for the work, unified forms, standards and requirements, and were uniformly prescribed 5 ~ 6, ~ 9, ~ 12, ~ 18, Section of the child’s physical examination and mother’s 1 person 1 questionnaire survey. Results: 4-month-old children in Shenzhen added food supplement rate of 60.2%, 6-month-old children was 83.7%. Supplement food group ~ 24-month-old children weight was significantly greater than the end plus supplementary food group, P <0.01, 18-month-old children hemoglobin concentration added food supplement group was significantly higher than the end plus complementary food group, P <0.02, children of all ages Red blood cell count, add food supplement group were significantly higher than the end plus complementary food group, P <0.05 or 0.01. The effect of supplementing food supplement or not on the height of children in all age groups had no significant effect on infant independence, sitting alone, parents and mother’s development, infant flu, bronchitis and pneumonia, diarrhea and rickets Difference, P> 0.05. Conclusion: The timely and reasonable addition of complementary food has great benefits on the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in children as well as physical growth and development. While vigorously promoting scientific breastfeeding, we should step up publicity and guidance on knowledge and feeding practices for children’s complementary food supplement and promote the growth and development of infants and children.