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目的了解2010—2012年杭州市12岁年龄组儿童口腔健康行为状况,为制定口腔卫生决策提供信息支持。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取杭州市上城区共9所小学,采用“第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案”的检查方法,于2010—2012年连续3 a对12岁年龄组儿童进行口腔健康行为问卷调查。结果每天摄入含糖食品和饮料的人数比例2012年(15.4%和18.1%)和2010年(12.8%和15.4%)相比呈现下降趋势(P值均<0.05)。每天2次以上的刷牙率和经常使用牙线的比例从2010年的58.8%和1.8%提高到2012年的64.1%和2.7%,正确理解口腔保健知识的人数比例和接受来源于网络学校和口腔医护人员口腔保健知识的人数比例升高(P值均<0.05)。2012年46.2%儿童刷牙出血后采取注意刷牙的措施,94.6%的儿童认为定期口腔检查非常必要,均高于2010年(22.2%和87.8%)(P值均<0.05)。超过90%的儿童在过去12个月看过牙医,且呈逐年上升趋势,定期接受口腔检查的人数比例升高(2010年50.7%,2012年55.2%)(P<0.05)。牙疼后采取不理会态度的儿童2012年比例下降到38.2%,而采取告知家人或教师的比例上升到49.1%,和2010年相比差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。2012年,45.5%的12岁年龄组儿童认为牙齿对自己吃东西有影响;21.3%的儿童认为牙齿对自尊有影响,高于2010年和2011年(P<0.05)。结论从2010—2012年,杭州市12岁年龄组儿童口腔保健意识增强、行为明显改善,儿童和家长的口腔健康教育工作需进一步推进。
Objective To understand the oral health behaviors of children aged 12 years in Hangzhou from 2010 to 2012 and provide information support for the development of oral hygiene decision-making. Methods A total of 9 primary schools in Shangcheng District of Hangzhou City were sampled by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. The “Third National Oral Health Epidemiology Sampling Survey Scheme” a Questionnaire on Oral Health Behavior in 12-year-old children. Results The proportion of people who consumed sugary foods and beverages per day decreased in 2012 (15.4% and 18.1%) compared with (12.8% and 15.4%) in 2010 (all P <0.05). The rate of brushing more than twice a day and regular dental flossing increased from 58.8% and 1.8% in 2010 to 64.1% and 2.7% in 2012 respectively. The proportion of people with a correct understanding of oral health knowledge and the proportion of people who receive oral health knowledge from oral schools and oral The proportion of health care workers in oral health knowledge increased (P <0.05). In 2012, 46.2% of children brushing their teeth after brushing teeth to take attention to brushing the teeth, 94.6% of children believe that regular oral examination is necessary, higher than in 2010 (22.2% and 87.8%) (P <0.05). Over 90% of the children have seen a dentist in the past 12 months and are on a rising trend year by year. The proportion of regular oral examinations is increasing (50.7% in 2010 and 55.2% in 2012) (P <0.05). The percentage of children who took a disagreement after having a toothache dropped to 38.2% in 2012, while the percentage of those who reported to their family members or teachers rose to 49.1%. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) from 2010. In 2012, 45.5% of children in the 12-year-old group considered that the teeth had an effect on their own eating habits; 21.3% of the children believed that the teeth had an impact on self-esteem, higher than those in 2010 and 2011 (P <0.05). Conclusion From 2010 to 2012, children with 12-year-olds in Hangzhou have an enhanced awareness of oral health care and a clear improvement in their behaviors. Their oral health education needs to be further promoted.