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《四库全书总目》以朝代变更作为文学分期断限的依据,建构出《总目》的文学史观。《总目》从作家是否出仕新朝,是否有遗民之思以及其入元时的齿轮年龄三个维度,考量宋元易代之际作家的朝代归属问题。在对宋元易代文学进行批评之时,《总目》致力于挖掘遗民的爱国义举,抨击贰臣的失节之污,以作家人品来衡量文品,以文风兴衰来反观世运。《总目》对易代文学的断限与批评作为一种知识评判,与清代的官方权力意志结盟形成强大的权力话语,在易代文学断限标准与文学批评背后隐藏彰显正流、隐去动乱的政治目的,以及表彰忠义、抨击失节的教化意图,实现了权力话语向文化思想领域的渗透。
The “Sikuquanshu Zongmu” changes the dynasty as the basis for the literary staging division, and constructs the concept of “History of Heads”. The head of the book examines the attribution of writers’ dynasties in the Song and Yuan Dynasties from the three dimensions of whether the writer is a new dynasty, whether there are fellow villagers and the age of the gear when entering the Yuan Dynasty. While criticizing the Yi-generation literature in the Song and Yuan dynasties, the “Head” is devoted to digging the patriotic righteousness of the descendants, criticizing the fate of the misconduct of the Er-chen and using the character of the writer as a measure of the literature. As a kind of knowledge judgment, Head of Head breaks the limits of literary criticism and forms a strong power discourse with the will of official power in the Qing Dynasty. It conceals the positive and hidden behind the criterion of literary criticism and literary criticism Political motives for going to turmoil, and the enlightenment intention of commending loyalty and laughableness, thus realizing the permeation of power discourse into the field of cultural thought.