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目的观察巨大儿对产妇产后出血的影响,提高对巨大胎儿产后出血的认识,减少巨大胎儿产后出血发生。方法 2013年10月-2015年4月医院分娩的巨大儿106例,分析巨大儿的分娩方式、性别、产次、婴儿体质量、分娩孕周对产后出血的影响。结果巨大儿组产后出血发生率明显高于非巨大儿组(P<0.01);巨大儿无论是剖宫产还是阴道分娩,无论是初产妇还是经产妇,产后出血发生率相似(P>0.05);巨大儿中分娩男婴产后出血发生率较分娩女婴低(P<0.01);巨大儿分娩体质量增加,产后出血发生率增加,4 000g≤婴儿体质量≤4 250g组产后出血率最高(P<0.05);无论分娩孕周,产后出血发生率不同,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论巨大儿使产妇产后出血率明显增加,对于巨大儿无论分娩方式、胎儿性别、产次、婴儿体质量、分娩孕周均应做好各种预防产后出血准备工作,尽量减少产后出血率和产后出血量。
Objective To observe the effects of giant children on postpartum hemorrhage and to increase the understanding of postpartum hemorrhage in huge fetuses and to reduce the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage in huge fetuses. Methods From October 2013 to April 2015, 106 cases of macrosomia were delivered in hospitals. The mode of delivery, sex, parity, weight of infants and delivery gestational age were analyzed. Results The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the giant children was significantly higher than that in the non-giant children (P <0.01). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was similar between the children with or without maternal macrosomia (both caesarean section and vaginal delivery) ; The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the baby was lower than that of the delivery baby (P <0.01); the weight of the giant child was increased, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was increased, the rate of postpartum hemorrhage was the highest in 4 000g≤4 500g P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage regardless of gestational age (P> 0.05). Conclusion Huge children make maternal postpartum hemorrhage increased significantly. For maternal children regardless of mode of delivery, fetal sex, delivery times, infant weight, gestational age should be prepared to prevent postpartum hemorrhage, to minimize postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage .