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介绍了俯仰机动载荷减缓(MLA)在某运输类飞机缩比风洞试验模型上的应用,旨在通过风洞试验研究一种基于超静定配平原理的机动载荷控制方法。首先,对模型飞机纵向超静定配平方法进行了研究并从理论上揭示通过其减缓机动载荷的基本原理;然后,依据超静定配平原理设计了MLA控制律,通过反馈模型飞机等效过载驱动副翼偏转减小机翼载荷,同时偏转升降舵来保持飞机的俯仰机动性能;最后,依次实施了超静定配平试验,气动伺服弹性稳定性试验以及机动载荷减缓试验,分别用以确定MLA控制律参数,检查控制系统稳定性以及获取俯仰机动时的系统响应。试验结果表明:在MLA控制律作用下,机翼根部弯矩增量比MLA控制律关闭时减小了10%以上,而模型飞机的俯仰机动性能基本保持不变;MLA控制律的加入使控制增稳系统稳定性略有下降;通过超静定配平试验确定MLA控制参数的方法有效提升了MLA控制律设计可靠性,使翼根弯矩减缓量接近目标值。研究工作为运输类飞机的机动载荷控制设计与试验提供了一种可行途径。
This paper introduces the application of pitch dynamic load reduction (MLA) in the wind tunnel test model of a transport-type aircraft, and aims to study a method of maneuvering load control based on the principle of statically indeterminate leveling. First of all, the paper studies the method of longitudinal statically equalizing of model aircraft and theoretically reveals the basic principle of alleviating the dynamic load through it. Then, the MLA control law is designed according to statically indeterminate principle. Through the feedback model, At the same time deflection of the elevator to maintain the aircraft’s pitch maneuverability; Finally, in order to carry out the statically indeterminate test, the dynamic stability of the pneumatic servo test and the dynamic load reduction test, respectively, to determine the MLA control law Parameters, checking control system stability, and system response when gaining pitching maneuvers. The experimental results show that under the MLA control law, the bending moment increment at the wing root is reduced by more than 10% when the MLA control law is switched off, while the pitching maneuverability of the model aircraft remains unchanged. The MLA control law makes the control The stability of the stabilization system decreased slightly. The MLA control parameters determined by the statically determinate test effectively improved the design reliability of the MLA control law, and the amount of the wing root bending moment reduction was close to the target value. The research work provides a feasible way for the design and test of maneuvering load control of transport aircraft.