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本文对哈贝马斯“Faktizitt und Geltung”(《事实性与有效性》)一书中的Geltung概念进行了分析。作者首先指出了英、中译本对Geltung概念的误读,认为Facts或“事实”不等于Faktizitat或“事实性”;Norms或“规范”只是Geltung概念的涵义和意义的一部分。其次分析了哈贝马斯Geltung概念的涵义、意义和问题。作者指出了哈贝马斯Geltung概念内部存在的三个层次的矛盾,并认为他的Geltung概念的模糊性在于他的社会与国家之关系的模糊性。最后提出了如何理解法律的有效性问题。作者认为,Geltung概念是事实性、规范性与价值性的统一体。内在于法律本身的事实性与有效性之间的关系并不是对立统一的矛盾关系,而是包含的种属关系。合法性的有效性来源于人类社会某些确定的先在内容(比如人性尊严之类的天赋人权、人类生存的基本公理等)。它们是先于立法的,是“侵犯禁止”的先在条款。
This article analyzes the concept of Geltung in Habermas’s book “Faktizitt und Geltung” (“Factuality and Validity”). The author first points out that the English and Chinese versions misunderstand the concept of Geltung and hold that facts or “fact ” are not equal to Faktizitat or “fact ”; norms or “norms ” are only part of the meaning and meaning of the Geltung concept . Secondly, it analyzes the meaning, significance and problems of Habermas’ concept of Geltung. The author points out the three levels of contradictions that exist within Habermas’ concept of Geltung and considers that the fuzziness of his concept of Geltung lies in the ambiguity of the relationship between his society and the state. Finally, it puts forward how to understand the validity of the law. The author believes that the concept of Geltung is a unity of fact, normativity and value. The relationship between the factuality and the validity inherent in the law itself is not the contradictory relationship of opposites, but the species relations involved. Validity of legitimacy comes from some of the identified priorities of human society (such as natural human rights such as human dignity, basic axioms of human existence, etc.). They precede the legislation and are the preconditions for “violation of the prohibition.”