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通过在冀东地区三年的田间试验和室内测定,探讨了来源于不同地区的大豆品种在冀东夏播条件下的农艺性状、生育期结构、器官平衡和产量构成因素。试验结果表明:原产地不同的品种在冀东夏播条件下,农艺性状、生育期结构、生育期比(R/V)、生物学产量、经济系数等都呈现规律性变化。夏大豆籽粒产量与株高、主茎节数、分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数和百粒重均呈正相关。从回归方程算出冀东地区夏播大豆品种要获得150～200kg/mu的籽粒产量,对主要农艺性状的要求是:株高65cm以上,主茎16节左右,分枝数1～1.28个。在2.5～3万株/mu的密度条件下,单株荚数25个左右。单株粒数45个左右,百粒重15g以上,单株粒重在7～9.5g左右。生物学产量应达到450～600kg/mu,经济系数达到0.35,全生育期与产量呈极显著正相关。冀东地区夏大豆较佳的生育期结构是:出苗至开花期(V_～R_1)30～35d左右,开花至成熟期(R_1～R_8)60d左右,全生育期90～95d左右,生育期比(R/V)值在1.8～2.1左右。吉林、辽宁、北京及石家庄的大豆品种可作冀东地区夏播大豆的重要品种资源。
Through three years of field experiments and laboratory tests in eastern Hebei, the agronomic characters, growth period structure, organ balance and yield components of soybean varieties from different regions under summer sowing were studied. The results showed that under the summer sowing conditions in Jidong, agronomic traits, growth period structure, R / V ratio, biological yield and economic coefficient all showed regular changes. Summer soybean yield and plant height, the number of main stems, branches, pods per plant, grain number and weight per 100 were positively correlated. The main agronomic traits of summer sowing soybean varieties in Jidong were calculated from the regression equation to obtain the grain yield of 150 ~ 200kg / mu. The requirements of the main agronomic traits were: the plant height was above 65cm, the main stem was about 16 and the number of branches was 1 ~ 1.28. In the density of 2.5 to 30,000 plants / mu, the number of pods per plant is about 25. About 45 grains per plant, 100 grams more than 15g, grain weight in about 7 ~ 9.5g. Biological yield should reach 450 ~ 600kg / mu, economic coefficient reached 0.35, the whole growth period and the yield was extremely significant positive correlation. The optimum growth period of summer soybean in Jidong was about 30 ~ 35 days from flowering to flowering (V_ ~ R_1), 60 days from flowering to maturity (R_1 ~ R_8), and the whole growth period was about 90 ~ 95 days (R / V) value of 1.8 to 2.1 or so. Jilin, Liaoning, Beijing and Shijiazhuang soybean varieties can be used as an important variety of summer sowing in eastern Hebei resources.