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为了掌握松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimiMatsumura的发育规律,以保证出蜂期和田间害虫产卵盛期相吻合,提高防治效果;我们在25℃恒温下系统地观察了松毛虫赤眼蜂寄生于柞蚕卵中各虫态发育情况。结果卵至成虫经12天可发育为一个世代,需有效积温235日度(松毛虫赤眼蜂发育起点温度为5℃)。为便于判断其发育情况和温度的关系,经镜检把其发育进度分为十二个等级(见表1及图)。 参照表1和图,我们就可从实际记录的有效积温中知道松毛虫赤眼蜂虫态的发育进度,或者通过显微镜下挑检观察其虫态特征,即可判断出虫态的级别,根据害虫产卵盛期及天气情况,便可算出出峰期,必要时作不同温度的调节,使出蜂与害虫产卵盛期相吻合。为了验证松毛虫赤眼蜂的发育与温度的关系,我们对5月中旬几批寄生卵进行自然温度下系统观察,证明是可行的(表2)。
In order to master the Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura Trichogramma development rules to ensure that the bees and field pest spawning coincide to improve the control effect; we observed at 25 ℃ temperature systematically observed Tricholoma trichogramma parasitic in tussah Development status of each insect in the egg. As a result, the egg could develop to one generation after 12 days and the effective accumulated temperature was 235 days (the starting temperature of development of Trichogramma dendrolimi was 5 ℃). In order to facilitate the determination of the relationship between the development and the temperature, the progress of the development was divided into twelve levels by microscopic examination (see Table 1 and Figure). Referring to Table 1 and Figure, we can know the progress of Trichogramma state from the actual recorded effective accumulated temperature, or observe the morphological characteristics of Trichogramma under the microscope, Pest spawning peak and weather conditions, we can calculate the peak, if necessary, for different temperature regulation, so that the bee and pest spawning coincide. In order to verify the relationship between Trichogramma dendrolimi development and temperature, we systematically observed several batches of parasitic eggs in mid-May at natural temperature, which proved feasible (Table 2).